It is perfectly feasible to play a WWIII wargame, of any type, predicated on any number of start dates. Which date would you choose?
According to GDW’s Team Yankee, it was 1987. Battlegroup
NORTHAG says 1983. Seven Days to the Rhine aims simply at the 1980s.
Interestingly, The Red Effect by Harvey Black says 1984. Are any of these dates
more likely than others and does it actually matter?
For most people I imagine, it doesn’t actually matter. Pick
the rules you like and use the kit you fancy. If you want to use Conquerors to
blow T-10s to molten slag, the answer is to come up with a rules set that
covers these vehicles and figure out as much of a narrative as you need to set
the scene.
For me, I like to play a game in which both sides have a
believable narrative as to why they are fighting. The “historical” start date then
sets the conditions in terms of force strengths, equipment types etc. The date
is key for me because I’m writing my own rules and need to have an envelope for
the kit and the tactics. The rules will cover only what is necessary and I will
only need to find the specific models for the game. That keeps it simple all
round and stops me going off at unnecessary tangents.
I think 1984 is probably the last date at which a genuine
WWIII could have broken out in Europe, but also probably the most likely. Could
it have occurred earlier? Yes, certainly. There were many periods of extreme
tension, starting with the Berlin Blockade in 1948, which could have sparked a
war in Europe. However, 1984 represents
the culmination of a number of developments which pushed the possibility of
conflict right up the scale.
The drivers for a conflict in 1984 are, as I see them, as
follows:
- Nearly a decade of competitive developments in weaponry (attack helicopters, new generation tanks) and in operational thinking (air/land battle and operational manoeuvre groups);
- Strategic pressures brought about by Reagan’s election in 1980 and the possibility that his Star Wars project might provide a defensive shield behind which the US could launch a first strike;
- Increasingly large and realistic exercises by NATO and Warsaw Pact (WP) which, even if not deliberately provocative, served to give that impression;
- Stress and instability within the Soviet leadership structure due to Brezhnev’s death in 1982 and his replacement by, first, Andropov, and second, Chernenko.
Effectively, Reagan started the war threat rolling in 1980
and cranked it up with Star Wars. Andropov, KGB Chairman in 1981, responded
with a massive project to obtain early warning of a US first strike (Op. RYaN)
and this response continued when he took over following Brezhnev’s demise.
What pushed things to
the brink of war was the 1983 NATO exercise season. Although often referred to
as Able Archer 83, that exercise was only a small part of a series of exercises
under Autumn Forge 83. These started in September and ran through to November 1983.
Able Archer was the final component. Autumn Forge was a massive exercise involving
a full test of the reinforcement plan for NATO (Reforger 83) and also extensive
planning of B52 “strikes” including the transmission of nuclear codes.
From a Soviet point of view, this was a close to NATO war preparations
as they had ever seen. There is the possibility. therefore, that a Soviet
pre-emptive strike could have been put in place for 1984 for use if the threat
of a US/NATO strike was detected. This would have a been a standing start
attack into West Germany with a view to disrupting the attack on the WP but
with the advantage that it would shift the Iron Curtain further west and make
far more difficult for NATO in future.
All of this would, of course, totally ignore the possibility
of nuclear and chemical exchanges, the scale of military and civilian casualties
and the long term damage to the countries involved. Luckily for us, this did
not happen, phew!
So, what does this all this hot air mean then? Deep thinking on WWIII tactical OHW (possibly called Red Effect: Tactical). More later....in the meantime, Happy New Year!
